Dental Implants, What is an Implant (Tooth Transplant)?
A dental implant is an artificial tooth root that is placed in the jawbone and made of suitable material in order to restore the function and aesthetics of missing teeth.

What are the Benefits of Implant Application?
Implant treatment is a comfortable, robust and reliable application. Prostheses made on implants replace real teeth, creating a natural structure. While missing teeth are completed, healthy teeth remain untouched. It is much longer lasting than all prostheses.

Is Implant Treatment Long-lasting?
Studies to reveal a safe implant have been going on since the early 1800s. Today, there are implants on the market that are very close to perfection and have a clinical follow-up of 35-40 years. Your dentist will give you more detailed information on this subject.

Can each patient be implanted?
Implant screws are structures that have a specific thickness and width. For this reason, the jawbone in the area where the implant is to be placed must have the height and width to accept this implant screw. The quality of the existing bone is one of the factors affecting the success of the implant. In addition, before the treatment and as long as the implant remains in the mouth, the gums must be completely healthy. As long as the general health of the patient is good, there is no upper age limit to prevent implant application. Implants can be applied to anyone with good general health. However, it may not be preferred to apply to very young patients whose bone development has not been completed.

How Long is the Total Treatment Time?
Today, it is even possible to perform implant operations in just 10 minutes. The total time varies according to the type of operation determined according to your tooth and bone structure. In general, the procedure is completed in the 2nd month after the first operation. During this period, you will be able to continue your normal daily life with temporary dental prostheses.

Can My Prostheses Be Fitted Immediately After Implants Are Placed?
In order to ensure the full integration of the implants with the bone (Osteointegration), the loads on the implant should be minimized during the first 2-3 months. Your doctor will not leave you toothless by making a suitable temporary prosthesis during this recovery period. Then the permanent teeth will be mounted on your implants and the treatment will be terminated.

Is Cleaning of Implants Important?
Yes, it is also very important. Considering that implants are foreign bodies in the mouth, we would like to point out that their cleaning is at least as important as your own teeth, or even more. Implant cleaning is not much different from cleaning normal teeth, your dentist will give you detailed explanations about cleaning methods. What you should not forget is that the most important factor for the success of this type of treatment is regular oral care.

Will I Have Pain While Implant Placement?
No, if appropriate anesthetic methods are used. General or local anesthesia can be used during the operation, depending on the patient’s preference. After surgery, there may be a pain similar to the pain after tooth extraction. This pain, which can usually be heard on the evening of the implant placement, can be relieved with simple painkillers. In cases where the treatment is completed without any problems, you will be so comfortable that you do not even feel the presence of the implants.

What Happens If The Implant Screw Does Not Fuse With The Bone (If It Does Not Osseointegrate)?
If appropriate implants and methods are used, such a possibility is almost non-existent. This type of failure usually occurs within the first 3 months following the surgical operation. In such a case, the implant should be removed with a process as easy as tooth extraction. Following the healing of the bone in this area, a new implant can be placed, or one of the classical type prostheses can be preferred.

Is There a Chance of Rejection of Implants by the Body?
Implants are made of materials that do not have any side effects for the organism, and have been subjected to intense research for years. These are substances that have never been part of a living organism. It is not possible for the body to produce antigens against them and reject them as in heart and kidney transplants.

Zirconium Crown
In this system, a white zirconium alloy is used instead of metal as a substructure.

While many things affect the appearance of crowns and bridges, the most important is their response to light. Natural teeth transmit light. As a result, depth and vitality appear in the tooth. Porcelain crowns without metal support (empress-zirconium) have greater depth and vitality due to their light transmission properties.

Empress or zirconium crowns can be made in cases where there is no tooth loss, excessive destruction or when the laminate crown approach may be insufficient. However, in cases where tooth loss is in question, only zirconium crowns should be preferred.

Laminate Veneer Crown
Laminate veneer is the most preferred treatment method for smile design. With this treatment method, it is possible to remove the gap between your teeth, discoloration, wear and even collisions.

Veneers are nail-thick thin porcelain leaflets. Porcelain veneers are adhered by slightly roughening the anterior surfaces of the teeth.

What is Orthodontics?
Orthodontics is the branch of dentistry that deals with the normal structure and development of the teeth and jaw, the disorders that occur and the treatment of these disorders.

How Much Orthodontic Treatment Is Necessary?
Orthodontic treatment corrects the skewness of the teeth and the incompatibility between the jaws; It is not only for aesthetics, but also helps to prevent possible future gingival disorders, bruises and lower jaw joint disorders, and to improve chewing function and speech.

Scope of Orthodontics
Orthodontic treatment is applied during the milk teeth period and the problems that arise due to habits such as thumb sucking and lip biting during this period are eliminated. Thus, a permanent defect in the skeletal structure is prevented. Mixed dentition is also covered by orthodontics. During this period, both milk teeth and permanent teeth are present in the mouth. Space stenosis occurs when primary teeth are lost early and cannot guide the permanent teeth from below. Orthodontics deals with the elimination of these narrow spaces. At the same time, jaw development continues in this period. The incompatibility between the jaws, which occurs as a result of the development of the lower and upper jaws not occurring in harmony with each other, is also within the scope of orthodontics.

In the period of permanent teeth, orthodontics deals with the correction of the disorders in the tooth rows. Treatment of irregularities due to gingival diseases and treatment of irregularities due to congenitally missing or subsequently lost teeth are also included in the scope of orthodontics.

When Should You Go to the Orthodontist?
While the disorders of the jaw bones should be corrected at a very early age, there is time for treatment only in cases where the teeth show irregularity. Adults can refer to an orthodontist at any age. However, increasing age prolongs the treatment period. Visiting an orthodontist at an early age does not mean that treatment will be started immediately. If the child is under the control of the orthodontist, a potential problem is kept under control. Thus, intervention can be made at the most appropriate time.

Is There an Age Limit for Orthodontic Treatment?
Age is not a problem when correcting disorders involving only teeth. Orthodontic treatment can be applied at any age from 7 to 70, as long as the teeth and gums are healthy. However, it is thought that the duration of orthodontic treatment increases with increasing age. If there is a defect in the bone structure of the individual, age is important; should be treated until puberty. Because after the jaw development is completed, it is not possible to interfere with bone development. For this reason, disorders involving the jawbones can only be corrected by surgery in advanced ages.

How is Orthodontic Treatment Applied?
Orthodontic treatment is divided into two as fixed and mobile treatment according to the way it is applied.

How Long Does Orthodontic Treatment Take?
The duration of orthodontic treatment depends on many factors. However, the most important factor affecting the duration is the severity of the orthodontic problem. Compared to other treatments in dentistry, orthodontic treatment covers a long period of time. Therefore, in order for the treatment to be completed as soon as possible, you should heed the warnings of your orthodontist and not delay your appointments.

What are the Benefits of Orthodontic Treatment?
When your teeth are crowded, they are difficult to clean. Therefore, the risk of caries and gum disease formation increases. Orthodontic treatment eliminates this risk. Upper and lower teeth interlock with each other during closure. However, if crowding is present, some teeth come into contact sooner than others and are subjected to much more force. Depending on this force, problems may occur in the teeth and jaw joint. With orthodontic treatment, these problems are prevented from occurring.

What are the Challenges of Orthodontic Treatment?
During orthodontic treatment, you can do everything you did before. There are only food restrictions as chewing gum, soda and hard foods can damage orthodontic appliances. In addition, because orthodontic treatment involves a long process, appointments should not be missed.

Is it possible for orthodontic appliances to be less noticeable when viewed from the outside?
As a result of the developments in dental technology, today, tooth-colored porcelain brackets, which are less noticeable when viewed from the outside, can be used. In addition, the bracket can be placed on the palate and tongue side of the teeth, so that it is not noticeable when viewed from the outside.

What is Teeth Whitening?
Whitening is the process of removing non-permanent coloring of the tooth structure (enamel and dentin layer) of the teeth. Just as we have different hair and skin colors, our teeth colors may differ. Some teeth are more yellow than others, while others turn yellow with age. Natural tooth color can be affected by many factors. Eating habits are the most effective of these.

When and How Is Teeth Whitening Done?
Every individual who has permanent teeth with basic oral care (without caries and gum disease) and a healthy mouth can benefit from teeth whitening. There are two most known and widely applied methods of whitening:

Tooth Bleaching at the Clinic (Office Bleaching), Tooth Bleaching at Home (Home Bleaching)
1- Tooth Bleaching in the Clinic (Office Bleaching)

This teeth whitening method; It is applied by the dentist in the clinic and in a single session, which usually takes about 40-50 minutes. A light that accelerates the whitening is applied on the whitening material applied to the tooth.

2- Home Bleaching

This teeth whitening method, on the other hand, is based on the application of the bleaching agent placed in the oral device shaped in accordance with the individual’s mouth. The application period varies between 2 and 6 weeks. The individual can perform the whitening process at home by following the usage times as described by the dentist.

In whitening, the most reliable method that can eliminate the patient’s concerns should be preferred.

Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery; In addition to treatments for cystic or tumoral pathologies developing in both soft (cheek, palate, tongue, lips, muscles, etc.) and hard tissues (teeth, bones) in the mouth, tooth and jaw fractures, removal or maintenance of erupted or impacted teeth Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department is a department that includes corrections in order to assist in the production of prosthesis. Maxillofacial pain, jaw joint diseases, salivary gland disorders and correction of maxillofacial deformities are also within the scope of maxillofacial surgery. In addition to these, the diagnosis, treatment and controls of some systemic diseases in the mouth are also carried out.

Wisdom Teeth
As we all know, the last teeth to erupt in our mouth are the third molars. They usually start riding between the ages of 17 and 25. Whether or not these teeth should be left in the mouth is controversial. If they last in the right position and do not damage the surrounding tissues, there is no harm in keeping these teeth in place. It can be decided to extract a tooth that is fused to the jawbone and has an abnormal position (detected by x-ray) considering the future damage. In cases of shortness of space behind the tooth, the eruption of the tooth can be caught in the gingival-bone and other adjacent tooth barrier.

What are the Conditions that Require the Extraction of the Wisdom Tooth?
Tooth decay
Saliva, bacteria and food particles accumulate in the socket opened by the newly erupted tooth, threatening both the wisdom tooth and the molar next to it. It is quite difficult to detect and treat this type of caries. Severe pictures may occur that cause pain and infection and result in an abscess.

Gum Disease (Pericoronitis)
An infection focus, where bacteria and food residues are stored, forms in the gingiva of a partially erupted wisdom tooth. This situation causes bad breath, pain, edema and trismus (inability to open the mouth completely). The infection can spread to the cheek and neck via lymph. This infection-prone ground around the wisdom tooth is easily a candidate to become infected every time.

Pressure Pain
If pressure is applied to neighboring teeth while riding, pain may also be felt due to compression. In some cases, this pressure leads to wear.

Orthodontic Causes:
Many young individuals undergo orthodontic treatment to correct the crowding in their teeth. Since the eruption pressure of wisdom teeth will be reflected on other teeth, there will be mobility in other teeth, crowding may increase.

Prosthetic Causes
In a mouth where prosthesis is planned, it is necessary to take into account the wisdom teeth. Because after wisdom tooth extraction, it will be necessary to make a new prosthesis according to the changing mouth structure.

Cyst Formation
Cystic cases caused by an impacted tooth have been observed. The cyst causes bone destruction, enlargement of the jaw, and displacement or damage to the surrounding teeth. To prevent bone destruction, the tooth should be extracted and the cyst should be cleaned. Rarely, if this cyst spreads to very large areas, it can turn into tumors or cause spontaneous fractures of the jawbone.

First of all, it should be known that no artificial teeth can take the place of natural teeth. Therefore, we have to protect our natural teeth by treating up to the last point. When one of our teeth is sick, one of the most well-known methods of protection is root canal treatment. Root canal treatment helps protect damaged teeth. When the pulp (the soft layer inside the tooth containing the nerve, blood, and lymph vessels) is damaged to such an extent that it cannot repair itself, the pulp dies. it is usually caused by bacteria from broken teeth or deep cavities. Bacteria cause inflammation in the core of the tooth. If the damaged or diseased pulp is not removed, the tooth and surrounding tissues are exposed to infection. And in the end, you may lose your tooth completely.

What is Root Canal Treatment and How Is It Applied?
Root canal treatment is a form of treatment applied in cases where the pulp is damaged. While the only solution was extraction when faced with a soft tooth layer that was sick in previous years, it is possible to treat these teeth today.

What Happens If Root Canal Treatment Is Not Performed?
In cases where the pulp cannot heal itself due to deep caries and cracks, the tooth loses its vitality and the infection can spread to the whole tooth. If root canal treatment is not performed, the infection can reach the tissues at the root tip. The jawbone surrounding the tooth is also inflamed and eroded. An abscess is formed in this space. This picture is accompanied by pain and swelling, and the tooth is lost in a short time.

Stages of Root Canal Treatment;

First of all, the tooth is anesthetized for a painless and painless treatment.
Then, when the tooth decay is cleaned and the essence of the tooth is reached, the diseased and soft tissue is removed. Nerve and tissue residues are cleaned.
The tooth canal is shaped up to the root tip. If necessary, the recovery can be accelerated by administering some medications.
Between sessions, the tooth is covered with temporary dental filling materials until the tooth heals. After it is understood that the growth of the inflammation has stopped and the inflammation from the root end is over, the tooth canal is filled up to the root tip with a special dental filling material and the crown part is restored by filling, porcelain filling (inlay) or crown coating to prevent it from breaking and decaying again.
In some cases, these sessions are not needed at all, and it is possible to complete the root canal treatment in a single session.
What is the Lifespan of a Tooth with Root Canal Treatment?
If the tooth is not infected again and precautions are taken to prevent tooth decay, this filling can be used for life. You can catch the onset of infection in your regular dental check-ups. In addition, with a very good oral care, tooth decay should be prevented.

Total, Complete Dentures (Full Palate)
If the person has lost all the teeth in his mouth, total – full dentures should be made. In recent years, total dentures are no longer the only chance for toothless mouths. Implants placed in the jawbone and dental prostheses prepared with support from them now give patients the feeling of chewing with their own teeth and are often preferred for this reason.

Partial, Partial Prostheses
It is a type of prosthesis (Partial Palate, Partial Denture) that provides attachment to the tooth with metal parts called crochet (hook) made with a combination of special acrylic and metals in partial tooth deficiency.

Precision Attached Prostheses
Another type of prosthesis used in partial tooth deficiency is precision attachment prosthesis. The retention of the prosthesis is not provided by clasps as in partial dentures, but by male and female parts called precision connections. These prostheses are far superior to classical partial dentures in terms of aesthetics, retention and health. There are no metal clasps that spoil the aesthetic appearance of precision-fitted prostheses.

Valplast Department Prosthesis
Valplast prostheses are prostheses with a special structure that do not contain any metal infrastructure and hooks. It eliminates the aesthetic problems that may occur as a result of the appearance of metals. Thanks to its resin, it exhibits a thin and translucent pinkish structure and its reflection of the underlying tissues adds naturalness to the prosthesis. The most important features of Valplast prostheses are that they hold on to the tissues and provide good adhesion in the mouth and do not break as a result of flexibility. Valplast prostheses can be applied in patients with acryl allergy. In the patient who will use both removable prosthesis and want to achieve cosmetic results, the skeleton may not be desired due to the metal hooks of partial prosthesis, and implant treatment will bring extra financial burden to the patient, and in such cases, these prostheses can be applied.

Considerations for the Patient Using a Full or Partial Denture
Remove your dentures after every meal and clean their inner and outer surfaces using a toothbrush + soap.
In denture (denture) cleaning, all kinds of cleaning materials produced for different purposes, such as bleach, dishwashing and laundry detergents, etc. Definitely do not use it. Although these substances deteriorate the structure of the prosthesis, they are also extremely dangerous in terms of general health. You can carefully use tablets or solutions specially produced for denture (denture) cleaning according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
After removing and cleaning your dentures, clean the toothless areas in the mouth with a soft toothbrush or gauze. If you have some teeth in your mouth, make sure to clean them with a toothbrush and toothpaste.
If the food residues around and on the inner surface of the clasps in partial dentures are not cleaned, they will damage the teeth. It should be cleaned after every meal.
When you remove your dentures, be sure to keep them in a container filled with water.
Under the control of your dentists, you or someone else should never do/have you or someone else carry out operations such as abrasion or additional repair on your prosthesis. If you have any problems with your prosthesis, contact your dentist immediately.
Go to your dentist for a regular check-up once a month. These controls will help prevent future problems.
Do not forget that your prostheses also have a lifespan and must be renewed at least every two to five years. Otherwise, the adaptation of your prosthesis to the changing tissues will deteriorate and it will be difficult to use.

Crown prostheses;
They are prostheses made of various materials that are used to restore the parts of the teeth that are visible in the mouth. It is generally preferred when there is too much material loss to be filled in the teeth or in the presence of different aesthetic expectations.

Bridge prosthesis:
It is a prosthesis that transmits the chewing pressures on the natural teeth through the body and abutment to the jawbone through the periodontium (the tissues surrounding the tooth) and the alveolar bone (the bone surrounding the tooth in the presence of teeth). It is applied when the toothless space is not excessively long and the teeth on both sides of the space are healthy.

Zirconium Substructures:
With the use of a material called zirconium, it is now possible to make metal-free, tooth-colored restorations in every case where conventional metal-supported bridge prostheses can be applied.

Laminate Veneers:
It is a kind of partial crown prosthesis made of aesthetic materials with the aim of restoring the outer surfaces of the teeth that can only be seen outside the mouth. It is the most conservative of all restorations that can be applied for aesthetic purposes. Usually 0.5 mm to be made in the tooth. One abrasion will suffice.

What is Conservative Dentistry?
It is the branch of dentistry that aims to treat the caries formed in the outer layers of the tooth such as enamel or dentin in the early period and thus to prevent the progression of caries and to preserve the vitality of the tooth. In this way, the next stages of endodontics (root canal treatment) or tooth extraction are prevented.

Bacterial plaque consisting of bacteria in the mouth can form acid from the residues of sugary and floury foods in the mouth. These acids dissolve the mineral tissue of the teeth, causing the enamel of the tooth to deteriorate and eventually the onset of tooth decay. In the selection of the type of dental filling to be applied to the patient, the region to be applied, the chewing forces effective in this region, the patient’s aesthetic expectations and the amount of material loss are of great importance.

Filling Types
Amalgam fillings:

It has been the most preferred filling material for years with its durability and economic nature. Today, increasing aesthetic demands of dental patients, rumors about the effects of mercury in amalgam on human health, and developments in adhesive systems (tooth-colored fillings) cause this material to be abandoned gradually.

Composite fillings:

Tooth-colored restorations are preferred especially in cases where aesthetics is at the forefront. Due to the bonding properties with the tooth, there is no need to remove material from the tooth in order to provide retention as in amalgam fillings; just removing the bruise is sufficient.

Scaling Cleaning and Root Surface Straightening
It is the most common and preventive method among the treatments of gum diseases. In tartar cleaning, tartar and calculus, also called plaque, are removed. Plaque is a sticky substance and is mostly made up of bacteria. As the plaque hardens over time, tartar forms. Plaque and tartar adhere to the tooth surface, especially to the root surface below the gingival margin. Root surfaces must be leveled, as plaque tends to adhere to the rough surface. In this process, all tartar is cleaned and irregularities on the root surface are removed.

Things to Do After Teeth Cleaning
There may be hot-cold sensitivity and mild pain that will disappear two or three days after the treatment. Pain relievers can be used to relieve pain. Antiseptic mouthwashes can be used after scaling and root surface straightening, especially when there is pain that makes oral hygiene difficult. You should also continue to brush and floss your teeth. There may be slight bleeding on the first day after scaling and root surface straightening.

Gingivectomy and Gingivoplasty
Gingivectomy is the surgical removal of gum tissue. Gingivoplasty is the shaping of healthy gum tissues around the teeth. These procedures are performed by periodontists who specialize in dental tissues and gingival diseases. Gingivectomy is a treatment developed for the treatment of gum disease. Today, it is also used for aesthetic arrangements.

There are two reasons for the removal of gingival tissue. The first reason is the presence of gingival pockets formed between the tooth and the gums. With the accumulation of food residues and bacterial colonies in these areas, cleaning difficulties arise. If these pockets contain only gingival tissue, they can be removed by gingivectomy.

In some cases, there may be too much gum around the tooth. This is a situation that prevents the teeth and gums from being kept clean. It is also a cosmetic problem. In severe cases, it can affect chewing and speech. As with epilepsy drugs, some drugs can cause excessive gingival enlargement. Sometimes there may be no obvious reason.

With the help of gingivoplasty, reshaped gums have a more natural appearance. Distorted or asymmetrical gums due to genetics, disease or trauma can be corrected with this procedure.

This procedure can also be done for cosmetic reasons only. Gingivoplasty is usually performed alone. However, in some cases, it can also be applied after gingivectomy or the application of a graft added to the gingival border at the gingival border.

Gingival Flap Surgery
In gingival flap surgery, the gingiva is separated from the teeth and curled temporarily. Thus, the dentist can see the tooth root and dental bone.

The purpose of gingival flap surgery is to treat gingival disease (periodontitis). This procedure is recommended for people with moderate or severe gum disease. If the gingival infection cannot be eliminated with a non-surgical method, gingival flap surgery is used. Gum flap surgery can also be performed together with another procedure, bone surgery.

General Anesthesia and Operating Room
In dentistry, patients with fear of the dental chair are difficult to work with because of the fear of dental treatment. Fear and anxiety can be controlled by both psychological and pharmacological (drug) ways. Good communication is essential for a successful dental treatment. However, in cases where psychological approaches and basic behavior management techniques are insufficient, it becomes very difficult to get dental treatments. In such cases, it is possible to perform dental treatments with sedation and general anesthesia methods.

Sedation is the process of reducing the patient’s relationship with the environment and consciousness as a result of suppression of the central nervous system (CNS) by using different agents and methods. The aim of sedation is to minimize the psychological and physiological reactions caused by the stress in the patient without losing consciousness and protective reflexes.

What is General Anesthesia?
General anesthesia is a method of anesthesia in which the state of consciousness is removed with the help of drugs and the whole body is under the influence of anesthesia.

Our patient groups, who are frequently administered general anesthesia and sedation

Children under 4 years old. (It is very difficult for this group of children to treat their teeth with persuasion.)
Children or adults with developmental delays,
Adult patients with severe fear.
Surgical interventions requiring general anesthesia (bone graft, bone cyst, etc.)
The patient group who wants to perform many surgical procedures under general anesthesia in a short time (2-3 hours), which cannot be performed in a single session with local anesthesia.
Dental treatment of mentally handicapped children.